Ijoka Le-Plain Bore: Ingxenye Yokudluliswa kwamandla Ahlala isikhathi eside futhi Ahlukahlukene
Izici Zomkhiqizo
Izimbobo ezivamile zamajoka ziyizingxenye ezibalulekile ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo zemishini nezimboni. Iyingxenye eguquguqukayo futhi eqinile edlala indima ebalulekile ekudluliseni amandla kanye ne-torque phakathi kwamashafti amabili ajikelezayo. Lesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngezici nezici zamajoka emigodi eyisicaba kanye nokubaluleka kwazo ezimbonini ezahlukene.
Amajoka abhore flat ngokuvamile enziwa ngezinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu njengensimbi, i-aluminium, noma insimbi ekhonjiwe. Lezi zinto zinikeza amandla akhethekile nokuqina, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ijoka lingakwazi ukumelana nemithwalo esindayo kanye nezimo zokusebenza ezidlulele. Ukwengeza, izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukwakha ijoka eliphansi alikwazi ukugqwala, lizivumela ukuthi zisebenze ngokwethembeka ezindaweni eziyinselele.
Esinye sezici ezibalulekile zejoka le-flat bore ukwakheka kwalo okunembayo kanye nokukhiqiza. Iklanyelwe ukuhlinzeka ukuxhumana okuqinile, okuvikelekile phakathi kwama-shafts, ukuqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwamandla okuphumelelayo. Ibhobo elingaphakathi lejoka lifakwe ngokucophelela ukuze lilingane ncamashi nobubanzi obungaphandle be-shaft, okuholela ekulinganeni okuqinile. Lokhu kulingana okuqinile kunciphisa ukudlala noma ukudlala, okuvumela ukusebenza okushelelayo nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kukonke.
Amajoka embobo engenalutho nawo anokhiye noma umsebenzi wokhiye. Lesi sici sivumela ijoka ukuthi likhiye ngokuphephile ku-shaft, livimbele noma yikuphi ukushelela okujikelezayo. Ukhiye uvumela i-torque ukuthi idluliselwe ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa amandla, okwenza ijoka lilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinzima ezidinga ukudluliswa kwamandla okungaguquki.
Ukwengeza, amajoka abhorekile ngokuvamile aklanywa ngezimbobo eziyisikulufa ezibekwe eduze kwesiyingi esingaphandle. Lawa ma-setcrews asetshenziselwa ukukhiya ijoka lapho seliqondaniswe kahle ne-shaft. Ngokuqinisa izikulufu ezibekiwe, ijoka liboshelwe ngokuvikelekile ku-shaft, lithuthukisa ngokwengeziwe ukuxhumeka futhi liqede noma yikuphi ukunyakaza okungenzeka noma ukungahambi kahle.
Esinye isici esihlukanisayo sejoka lembobo eyisicaba wukuguquguquka kwalo. Zitholakala ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, ubujamo kanye nokucushwa, okwenza zihambisane nobubanzi obuhlukene be-shaft kanye nemiklamo. Lokhu kuguquguquka kungahlanganiswa kalula ezinhlobonhlobo zemishini nemishini, kunikeze izixazululo eziguquguqukayo zezidingo zokudlulisa amandla.
Ukwengeza, amajoka anembobo eyisicaba ayaziwa ngokufakwa kwawo kalula. Ngomklamo wabo olula nezici ezisebenziseka kalula ezifana nokulungisa izimbobo zezikulufu, zingafakwa ngokushesha nangokuvikelekile ku-shaft. Lokhu konga isikhathi nomzamo ngesikhathi sokuhlanganisa futhi kunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula esihlobene nokugcinwa kwemishini noma ukushintshwa.
Kafushane, izici zamajoka ane-flat-bore zibenza babe yingxenye ebalulekile emisebenzini eminingi yezimboni. Ukwakhiwa kwayo okuhlala isikhathi eside, ukuklama okunembile nezici zokuxhuma okuvikelekile kuqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwamandla okuphumelelayo nokusebenza okuthembekile. Ukuguquguquka nokulula kokufaka amajoka anembobo eyisicaba kuwenza abe yisinqumo esihle kakhulu kubaklami bemishini nabakhiqizi. Noma ngabe izimayini, ezolimo, ezokwakha nanoma iyiphi enye imboni edinga ukudluliswa kwamandla, amajoka embobo eyisicaba afakazelwa ukuthi ayingxenye ebalulekile ekuzuzeni ukusebenza kahle nokukhiqiza.
Isicelo somkhiqizo
Ijoka lembobo eyisicaba liyingxenye elula kodwa ebalulekile esetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezahlukene kuzo zonke izimboni ezahlukene. Lesi sihloko sihlola ukusebenza kwamajoka angenalutho futhi sibheka kabanzi izinhlelo zabo zokusebenza eziningi.
Ijoka eliyisicaba yijoka elinebhore eliyisicaba, elibhekisela emgodini oyisilinda phakathi nendawo. Ngokuvamile inezingalo ezimbili noma amagatsha asuka emgodini futhi angaxhunywa kwezinye izingxenye noma imishini. Lezi zingalo zingasetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amandla ajikelezayo, itorque, noma ukunyakaza kusuka engxenyeni eyodwa kuya kwenye.
Esinye sezicelo eziyinhloko zamajoka emigodi eyisicaba kusemishinini yezolimo efana nogandaganda nezivuni. Amajoka asetshenziswa ukuxhuma i-power take-off shaft (PTO) nezinto ezisetshenziswa epulazini ezahlukahlukene. Ishafti ye-PTO idlulisa amandla enjini kagandaganda iwayise kumathuluzi ukuze yenze imisebenzi efana nokulima, ukuvuna noma ukubhalisa. Ijoka elithwala ithafa liqinisekisa ukuxhumana okuphephile nokuthembekile phakathi kwe-PTO shaft kanye nethuluzi, okuvumela ukudluliswa kwamandla okuphumelelayo.
Embonini yezimoto, amajoka ane-flat-bore avame ukusetshenziswa kuma-drivetrains. Asetshenziselwa ukuxhuma ishaft ephumayo yokudlulisela ezingxenyeni ze-driveline ezidlulisela amandla emasondweni. Ijoka iletha i-torque ngokushelela nangokunembile, iqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwemoto. Ukwengeza, ukuguquguquka kwejoka le-flat-bore livumela ukuthi lenziwe ngokwezifiso kalula ukuze lilingane nokucushwa kwe-driveline nezinhlobo zezimoto.
Okunye ukusetshenziswa okuphawulekayo kwamajoka angenalutho kusemishini yezimboni. Lawa majoka asetshenziswa kuma-gearbox, amaphampu, ama-conveyors, nezinye izinhlobo zemishini. Isibonelo, ekudluliselweni, ijoka lisiza ukudlulisa ukunyakaza okujikelezayo kusuka ku-shaft yokufaka kuya ku-shaft yokukhipha ngenkathi igcina ukuqondanisa nokuzinza. Kumaphampu, ijoka liqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwamandla okuphumelelayo ukusuka kumotho kuya ku-impeller futhi ngaleyo ndlela ukudluliselwa koketshezi. Ukuguquguquka kwamajoka ane-flat-bore kuwavumela ukuthi asetshenziswe ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni, okufaka isandla ekusebenzeni kahle kwemishini nezinhlelo ezihlukahlukene.
Ukwengeza, amajoka emigodi eyisicaba asetshenziswa ezimbonini zezimayini nezokwakha. Avame ukusetshenziswa emishinini esindayo njengama-excavators, ama-loaders nama-bulldozers. Ijoka lixhuma izingxenye zokudlulisa amandla ukudlulisa amandla ukusuka enjini ukuya ezingxenyeni ezihambayo zemishini. Ngamandla nokuqina kwamajoka athwele kanzima, angakwazi ukumelana nemithwalo ephezulu kanye nezimo ezinzima ezitholwa kulezi zimboni.
Kafushane, amajoka embobo eyisicaba adlala indima ebalulekile ezimbonini ezimbalwa ngenxa yokuguquguquka nokusebenza kwawo. Ukuthi ukuxhuma ama-PTO shafts emishinini yezolimo, ukushayela amasistimu okudlulisa embonini yezimoto, noma amandla okudlulisa emishinini yezimboni, amajoka athwele isicaba aqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwamandla okusebenzayo kuyilapho kugcinwa ukuzinza nokuhambisana. Ziyingxenye ebalulekile ekusetshenzisweni okuhlukahlukene futhi zineqhaza ekusebenzeni kahle kwemishini nemishini emikhakheni eminingi. Ukuvumelana nezimo nokwethenjelwa kwamajoka okuthwala angenalutho kuyaqhubeka nokuwenza abe ingxenye esetshenziswa kabanzi nebalulekile emphakathini wobunjiniyela.
